The slides were incubated with 5% normal gout serum for 5 min and then overnight at 4c with rabbit polyclonal antipgp9. Comprehensive notes on anti diabetic potential of medicinal. This study evaluated the longterm effects of alloxan induced diabetes in rat liver. Since then, alloxan diabetes has been commonly utilized as an animal model of insulindependent diabetes mellitus iddm. The dilapidating action of dm qualifies it as a disease of major public health concern and epidemiological survey showed that it is the seventh leading cause of death worldwide.
Histopathological abnormalities of prolonged alloxaninduced. Rabbits six were administered with single dose of norfloxacin 1 ethyl 6fluoro1, 4 dihydro 4 norfloxacin at the rate of 100 mgkg per orally. Administration of a hypoglycaemic sulphonamide, gliclazide, at 10 mgkgday p. Permeability of insulin entrapped in liposome through the nasal mucosa of rabbits. With this agent, it is possible to produce different grades of severity of the disease by varying the dose of alloxan used. In the presence of intracellular thiols, especially glutathione, alloxan generates reactive oxygen species ros in a cyclic redox reaction with its reduction product, dialuric acid. It is 12% less than untreated normal control and alloxan induced hyperglycaemic level. Yoshie maitani, setuko asano, satomi takahashi, masayuki nakagaki, tsuneji nagai. Blood glucose level and lipid profile of alloxaninduced. Metabolomic analysis of fatty acids and related compounds. Eaglesons present address is veterinary specialty and emergency center, 301 veterans hwy, levittown, pa 19056. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of morphine during lowdose escherichia coli lipopolysaccharideinduced endotoxemia in rabbits. There have been many published reports of possible cases of drug induced pancreatitis. Accordingly, the plant leaves demonstrated antidiabetic effects against alloxan induced diabetes in rabbits and rats, 23, 24 antibacterial activities against selected grampositive bacteria.
Effect of honey bee venom apis mellifera on hyperglycemia and. The reduction product of alloxan, dialuric acid 1, has also been shown to be diabetogenic in animals 10, 11, and to cause ultrastructural changes identical to those observed in response to alloxan 6. Identify the components of the history required to rule inout a drug causation. Fresh liver weight and its relationship with body weight were obtained, and liver. Chair and professor, department of biostatistics and epidemiology director, center for clinical epidemiology and biostatistics george s. Type 2 diabetes may occur as a result of hiv infection andor its treatment.
Streptozotocin is an antimicrobial agent and has also. Efficacy of protamine zinc insulin for treatment of. The best known druginduced diabetes model is the alloxan diabetes. This study aimed to create diabetic animal models and to provide an exact and detailed account of alloxan induced diabetes in rabbits. We compared the effects of endotoxin on pulmonary prostaglandin e 1 pge 1 removal in groups of rabbits pretreated with the cyclo. Accordingly, the plant leaves demonstrated antidiabetic effects against alloxaninduced diabetes in rabbits and rats, 23, 24 antibacterial activities against selected grampositive bacteria. Alloxan exerts its diabetogenic action when it is administered parenterally. In untreated animals, endotoxin transiently decreased pulmonary removal of 3 h. Nghiems present address is center for genetic medicine research, childrens national medical center, 111 michigan ave nw, washington, dc 20010. Effect of chronic treatment with bismaltolato oxovanadium. Research article evaluating the effects and safety of.
Efficacy of protamine zinc insulin for treatment of diabetes. From the 7th day of diabetes induction, blood serum was collected for glucose. In summary, with careful management which includes adaptive and repeated injections of alloxan, accurate adjustment of insulin dose, monitoring body weight and biochemical values, performing blood glucose curves, and adjusting insulin dosage as soon as animals exhibit abnormal symptoms, alloxaninduced diabetic rabbits can be kept for one year or longer in reasonably good health. Influence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Pdf diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome that affecting million of people. Streptozotocin stz is used for induction of type1 diabetes mellitus in animal models. The development of diabetes was checked 12 weeks after stz administration, and the animals were divided into different groups. Effect of combined dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia on diabetic. In animals, it can be induced by partial pancreatectomy or by the administration of diabetogenic drugs such as alloxan, streptozotocin, ditizona and antiinsulin serum.
Trial of intranasal insulin in children and young adults. Alloxan is a urea derivative which causes selective necrosis of the. Rabbits were weighed weekly throughout the study and the weights were recorded. Alloxan monohydrate is a common drug used for developing experimental diabetes in animals, as streptozotocin, though less toxic than alloxan is considerably costlier. Pdf hypoglycemic activity of dodonaea viscosa leaves in. Autoxidation of dialuric acid generates superoxide radicals. Alloxan, sometimes referred to as alloxan hydrate, refers to the organic compound with the. Identify risk factors for high probability did causation. Pdf effect of trigonella foenum methi on fasting blood glucose. Alloxaninduced diabetes, a common model for evaluating. Research article evaluating the effects and safety of intravenous lipid emulsion on haloperidolinduced neurotoxicity in rabbit mohammadmoshiri, 1 amirhooshangmohammadpour, 1 maryamvahabzadeh, 1,2 leilaetemad, 3 bahrammemar, 4 andhosseinhosseinzadeh 5 department of pharmacodynamy and toxicology, school of pharmacy, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, iran.
Bioavailability of a novel midazolam gel after intranasal. There have been many published reports of possible cases of druginduced pancreatitis. Bumetanide, furosemide, and torsemide may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, probably due to diuretic induced hypokalemia. The high concentrations of glycerides and fatty acids. Briefly, one hour before surgery, rabbits were injected subcutaneously with buprenorphine. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels that result from defects in insulin secretion, or action, or both. This study was to create a longterm rabbit model of diabetes mellitus for medical studies of up to one year or longer and to evaluate the effects of chronic hyperglycemia on damage of major organs. It has been successfully induced in a variety of animal species. Jan 01, 2001 procedure34 cats with newly diagnosed diabetes and 33 cats with poorly controlled diabetes were treated with pzi twice daily for 45 days. Rabbits were kept in fasting condition for 12 h, then diabetes was induced using alloxan monohydrate 150 mgkg. Beneficial role of telmisartan on cardiovascular complications associated with stzinduced type 2 diabetes in rats bhoomika r. Animals models for studying diabetes mellitus etuk, e.
Evaluating the effects and safety of intravenous lipid emulsion on haloperidol induced neurotoxicity in rabbit mohammadmoshiri, 1 amirhooshangmohammadpour, 1 maryamvahabzadeh, 1,2 leilaetemad, 3 bahrammemar, 4 andhosseinhosseinzadeh 5 department of pharmacodynamy and toxicology, school of pharmacy, mashhad university of medical sciences. Thirty nondiabetic control rats nc and 30 untreated diabetic ud rats were divided into three subgroups sacrificed after 6, 14, or 26 weeks. Alloxan was injected into the rats through a tail artery and three days later, a confirmation of successful induction of diabetes was made by demonstration of hyperglycemia in the rats. Its betacytotoxic action results in sudden release of insulin leading to. Identify the laboratory tests required to rule in out as drug induced causation. Differential effect of honey on selected variables in.
Control of glycemia was assessed on days 7, 14, 30, and 45 by evaluation of clinical response, change in body weight, serum fructosamine concentration, blood glucose concentration measured 1, 3, 5, 7, and. Study was carried out on alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. Mar 06, 2008 the objective of this study was to investigate the prolonged complications of untreated diabetes on histomorphology of rabbits. Creating a longterm diabetic rabbit model ncbi nih. Inhibition of corneal neovascularization by topically. Alloxan induced diabetic rabbits as animal model for.
Introduction since ancient times, plant remedies have been used to help to relieve diabetes. In research it is used for induction of type 1 diabetes. The ada states that human insulin is preferred for use in pregnant women or women considering pregnancy. Rabbits are increasingly being used as experimental diabetic models and alloxan has been the chemical of choice for the development of rabbit models of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was induced by the administration of 90 mgkg streptozotocin stz, ip, in twodayold rats. Compound recip e, hypoglycemic effect, alloxan induced diabetes, serum insulin. The mechanisms of alloxan and streptozotocininduced diabetes. The blood glucose levels in the dv group were significantly lower compared to the dc group at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the injection of the alloxan p jun 25, 1991.
Effects of lowdose escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. The role of efavirenz and nevirapine on the pharmacodynamic activity of gliclazide is not currently known. Another 12 agematched normal rabbits were used as controls. Effects of cosolvent systems and microemulsions by nnadi, charles okeke pgm. Identify the components of the history required to rule in out a drug causation. However, there are draw backs to vanadate because it is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and the doses of vanadate required for its antidiabetic effect are close to the.
Because of this, a potential pharmacodynamic interaction exists between these drugs and all antidiabetic agents. Alloxaninduced diabetes is a form of insulindependent diabetes mellitus that occurs as a result of alloxan administration or injection to animals. Identify an approach to incorporating did wi the differential. Ashp ebooks sign in with your ashp username and password to access purchased ebooks in my library.
Pkpd modelling of norfloxacin after oral administration. For more study about diabetes, rodents such as rat, mouse, hamster, guinea pigs and the rabbits are suitable models. Bone regeneration in cranioplasty and clinical complications. Histopathological abnormalities of prolonged alloxan. The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in b cells.
Jan 04, 20 please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Gliclazide is a widely used drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Bumetanide, furosemide, and torsemide may cause hyperglycemia and glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus, probably due to diureticinduced hypokalemia. Hyperlipidemia in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. From the study, it is concluded that streptozotocininduced diabetes causes disturbances in biochemical and histological features in rabbits and serves as a model. Waterretaining fibers, especially the mucilaginous compounds, such as the gel. It has been widely used to induce experimental diabetes in animals such as rabbits, rats, mice and dogs with different. Pkpd modelling of norfloxacin after oral administration in.
Butorphanol tartrate page 2 of 3 drugs for rabbits in case this drug is administered concurrently with other cns depressants alcohol, analgesic agents, antihistamines, barbiturates, phenothiazine tranquilizers, the dosage of butorphanol needs to be reconsidered and may. Dec 18, 2007 alloxan and streptozotocin are toxic glucose analogues that preferentially accumulate in pancreatic beta cells via the glut2 glucose transporter. Differential effect of honey on selected variables in alloxan. The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in b. Permeability of insulin entrapped in liposome through the. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rabbits by a single 90 mgkg intravenous injection of the pancreatic bcells toxin monohydrate alloxan sigma aldrich chemical saint louis, mo, usa. Prevention, detection, and management, second edition will help pharmacists, physicians, nurses, and other health care professional on the front lines of patient care and pharmacotherapy to expect the unexpected and to be more knowledgeable about. U department of pharmacology, college of health sciences, usmanu danfodiyo university. A single dose of alloxan monohydrate 100 mgkg was given intravenously to 20 young new zealand white rabbits.
Efavirenz and nevirapine are widely used nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of hiv infection. Therefore, the induced diabetes mellitus was confirmed by the continuous hyperglycme a, glyi cosuria and clinical signs. Alloxan diabetes, a discovery, albeit a minor one pdf. Pathomorphological effects of alloxan induced acute. Due to individual variation and sensitivity to insulin, the insulin dose for each rabbit was determined shortly after the induction of diabetes. It is a dreadful disease found in all parts of the world and is becoming a serious threat to mankind health. The blood glucose levels in the dv group were significantly lower compared to the dc group at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the injection of the alloxan p in glucose fed normal rats and alloxan induced diabetic rats v babu, t gangadevi, a subramoniam. Prevention, detection, and management, second edition will help pharmacists, physicians, nurses, and other health care professional on the front lines of patient care and pharmacotherapy to expect the unexpected and to be more knowledgeable about the risk of druginduced diseases. The accumulation of cholesterol in the liver was significantly reduced by up to 34% when compared with animals on the high cholesterol diet. From there, you can view and download your ashp ebooks to the reader of your choice. The study presented by eckel included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a baseline hba 1c level ranging from 7% to 10% in the first.
Pdf hypoglycemic effect of nyctanthes arbortristis leaf extract on. Development and characterization of an experimental model. In addition, some disease states and patient characteristics predispose particular populations to the development of this condition. Establishment of diabetes mellitus in rabbits in this study, induced by alloxan administration, might be attributable to specific irreversible toxic effects of alloxan on beta cells of pancreas dunn et al. The pathobiologic mechanism of angioedema with regard to ace inhibitor therapy is believed to relate to the kallikreinkinin plasma effector system. Streptozotocin induced acute clinical effects in rabbits.